Hydraulic motor



(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 1. N. YAGN.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

No. 273,930. Patented Mar.13,1883.

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INVEJVToH:

WITNESSES:

N. PETERS. Phom-Lnnegrapnnr, wamlngmn. D. C.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

N. YAGN.

HYDRAULIC MOTUR. No. 273,930. Patented Mar. 13,1883.

WITNESlSES mi (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. N. YAGN.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

Patented Mar.-13, 1883 kb w3 g Q IN VEB/'TORI N. PETERS. Phmamhngmphw. wasnmgmn. D. C.

EATTQNT Trice,

NICHOLAS YAGN,-OF S'I. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA..

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 273,930, dated March 13, 1883,

Application filed August 14, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, NioHoLAs YAGN, a suhject of the Czar of Russia, and a resident of St. Petersburg, Russia, have invented certain Improvements iu Hydraulic Motors, of which the following is a speciiication.

The object of my invention is to construct a simple and strong apparatus for utilizing the power of the currents of rivers for mechanical purposes; and this object I attain as hereinatter more fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a side view ot' sufficient ot' my improved motive-power apparatus iu position for use to illustrate my invention. Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is a enlarged plan, partly in' section, of a portion of the apparatus; Fig. 3, a vertical section of the same; Figs. 4, 5, and 6, Sheet`3, views of a device which may be employed in `connection with the foregoing. Fig. 7 is a side view of my apparatus as applied for utilizing the power of the current for towing barges against the stream; and Fig. S, Sheet 1, a plan View of the same.

My motive-power apparatus is carried by a boat, vessel, or float, which is to be anchored out in the stream whose current is to be utilized. For this purpose the bow or steril ofthe boat is provided with a pair of beams, C O, having bearings to which are adapted thejournais M M of a frame composed of two parallel beams, B B, which, in practice, may, for instance, be fromsix to nine meters long. In bearings at the opposite end of these beams is mounted the drum A, over which passes the endless exible rope or ropes c, furnished with iiexible and collapsible parachutes or tlaps p, as hereinafter described, for im parting rotary motion to the drum A. This drum has formed on ita centralsprocket-wheel, whereby its motion may be transmitted through chains and chain-wheels and cog-wheels ou the frame or beams B B to the shaft which carries the driving-pulleys K K, as shown in Figs. l and 2. From these pulleys K the motion may be conveyed to any suitable point whereitis needed. The drum A is provided with a number of forked projections, b b, where the endless ropes c are to pass around it, andon these ropes are formed, at correspondingintervals, knots d d, which take into the forks or recesses ot the projections, as indicated in Fig. 3. These l knots maybe produced by intortwining strong around the ropes. At every knot or at every second knot on the rope is attached a parachute, p,ot` sail-cloth, the rope passing through the center of each parachute, which has its circumference connected at different points to the rope by means of, say, four or six bracingstrings, c e, so that when the parachutes are distended by the current, as shown ou the upper portion ofthe rope in Fig. 1, they will not be liable to turn inside out. To give to the disteu ded parachutes a more regular form f'our, six, or eight wooden ribs or canes can be fixed to them radially from the center where the rope passes through, although this is not necessary, and I prefer generally to dispense with them. The length of the ropes, as well as the strength, number, and size of the parachutes p, may be varied, according to the amount oi' power to be obtained. The end of each rope c away from the drum A passes over a grooved pulley, E, mounted in au indel'iendeutfloating frame, 1),such as indicated in Figs. 4, 5, and 6. In motive-power apparatus of this class, as usually constructed, chains with rigid paddles are used, and both drums over which the endless chains pass are mounted in the same frame or in connected frames; but in my apparatus it will be seen that I dispense with this frame, the frames of the drums being unconnected, eXcept through the rope itself, and the parachutes, as well as the ropes, are entirely flexible and adapt themselves to the current and to the pulleys or drums over which they pass. Hence the force of the current will al ways keep the rope taut and prevent its becoming entangled, while accomniodatingitself more readily to the direction ot' the current. At'the same time this construction takes up less room and presents fewer obstacles to the motion of passing boats or vessels, because it can be sunk to a suitable depth outot' the way by adjusting the angle of the beams B, Fier. 1, by means of the rope L; or, when the rope c is left near the surface, it will readily yield to the passage ol the vessel. Io prevent any liability ofthe ropes c to torsion, it is advisable to make them of several strands twisted in different directions, or to use braided ropes.

The floating frame D, which carries the outer pulley or drum, may be of any suitable concords into the ropes and winding such cords i struction, but I prefer the form shown in Figs.' 4, 5, and 6. The frameis arectangular frame, having bea-rings for the axles F of one or more pulleys, E, and to the upper part of the frame may be secured a buoy or other suitable lioat, G, to increase the buoyancy of the frame,while a weight, Q, secured to the lower end of the frame insures that the frame, will be kept upright and steady, and prevent any capsizing. An indicating-lioat, H, on the surface of the water, may be connected by a cord or rope to` the Hoa-t Gr, in-order to facilitate the raising of the frame D, when desired, for inspection or removal. The frame may also be provided with tins or wings I?, preferably at an angle so as to form a wedge with its vfaces in vertical planes, thereby contributing to the stability ot the frame D, and adding to the tendency to keep the ropes perfectly taut. There should of course be suflicient space between the grooved pulleys E and the cross-bars of the frameD for the free passage ol' the parachutes.

As one-half of the parachutes on the rope or ropes c have their mouths open to the current, they will be distended and driven with considerable force or power in the direction ofthe' current, while thcother parachutes, whose Y months are down the river, fold together and return against the stream with little impediment, the parachutes beingsuccessively opened out or distended as they pass over the drum A, and closed at the other end as they pass over the pulley E. Thus an uninterrupted rotary motion of the drum A is produced, and this is transmitted from the latter by suitable gearin g and belting to the point where desired, either ashore or afloat.

It has been found by actual test that with a rope two hundred and forty meters long, and a speed of current of one meter per second, the described apparatus can develop forty horsepower, after deducting the friction.

My apparatus may Valso be applied to the towing of barges against the stream, as indicated in Figs. 7 and 8. In this arrangement I employ a small but strong vessel, l, in which is mounted the drum A, provided with three grooves, whereof the two outside ones for the endless ropes with parachutes are of the same; diameter, while the intermediate groove is in the form cfa chain-wheel of smaller diameter.

The outer grooves have the same forked pro! ropes which pass over the two outside pulleys pass over pulleys It, secured to the bow of the vessel to be towed,and these ropes may also act as towing-ropes between the boat I and the barge; or a separate tow-rope, T,may be employed. Around the chain-wheel portion which lies on the bottom of the river and is i secured by an anchor or other suitable means. The towingchain,with anchors, can be brought forward, as is done with towing or capstan ste-amers; or it may be laid along the whole length of the navigation-line.

The action of the apparatus is as follows: One-half of the parachutes of the endless ropes are distended by the current and carried forward-with considerable force, as before described. This tends to impart rotary motion to the drum A in the direction of its arrow, Fig. 7, while the action ofA the current on the towed vessel tends to pull the boat I back and through the chain S to turn the drum A in the reverse direction; but as the diameter of the port-ions of the drum over which the ropes pass is greater than that over which the chain S passes, the drum A will be turned in the direction of its arrow and wind up the towingchain.

Instead of having a separate towing-boat,

I, the drum A may be mounted on the barge itself; or two drums maybe used, one on each side of the barge, the parachute-ropes eX- tending along the side of the barge and pass ot a water-motor with an endless flexible cable 2. The combination of an endless cable having parachutes with drums or pulleys, over which said cable passes, and independent lioating frames for said drums, connected with each other only by said cable, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination ot' a. floating vessel and a frame, B, pivoted thereto and carrying gearing, with a drum, A, mounted on said trame, an endless parachuterope, c, and an independent frame carrying a pulley over which the other end ofthe rope passes,substantially as described.

4. The combination of a frame, B, a drum,

A, and an independent frame, D, carrying a pulley, and wings P, with an endless parachute-rope passing over said drum and pulley.

5. The combination of a frame, a drum, A, and an independent frame, D, having a pulley, a float, G, anda weight, Q, with an endless parachute-rope passing over said drum and pulley, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

NICHOLAS YAGN.

Witnesses FREDERICK KAUPE, l, Lnwrs Voss.

IXO 

